Duration of simulated microgravity affects the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells
نویسندگان
چکیده
Previous evidence has suggested that physical microenvironments and mechanical stresses, independent of soluble factors, influence mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) fate. In the present study, simulated microgravity (SMG) was demonstrated to regulate the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. This may be a novel strategy for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Rat MSCs were cultured for 72 h or 10 days in either normal gravity or a clinostat to model microgravity, followed with culture in diverse differential media. A short period of stimulation (72 h) promoted MSCs to undergo endothelial, neuronal and adipogenic differentiation. In comparison, extended microgravity (10 days) promoted MSCs to differentiate into osteoblasts. A short period of exposure to SMG significantly decreased ras homolog family member A (RhoA) activity. However, RhoA activity significantly increased following prolonged exposure to SMG. When RhoA activity was inhibited, the effects of prolonged exposure to SMG were reversed. These results demonstrated that the duration of SMG regulates the differentiation fate of MSCs via the RhoA‑associated pathway.
منابع مشابه
Expression pattern of neurotrophins and their receptors during neuronal differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in simulated microgravity condition
Objective(s): Studies have confirmed that microgravity, as a mechanical factor, influences both differentiation and function of mesenchymal stem cells. Here we investigated the effects of simulated microgravity on neural differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). Materials and Methods:We have used a fast rotating clinostat (clinorotation) to simulate microgravity condition. R...
متن کاملEffect of Simulated Microgravity Conditions on Differentiation of Adipose Derived Stem Cells towards Fibroblasts Using Connective Tissue Growth Factor
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells able to differentiating into a variety of mesenchymal tissues including osteoblasts, adipocytes and several other tissues. Objectives: Differentiation of MSCs into fibroblast cells in vitro is an attractive strategy to achieve fibroblast cell and use them for purposes such as regeneration medicine. The goal of this s...
متن کاملSimulated Microgravity Condition Alters the Gene Expression of some ECM and Adhesive Molecules in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are widely used for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The beneficial effects of ADSCs on wound healing have already been reported. Remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM) is the most important physiological event during the wound healing. ECM is sensitive to mechanical stresses and the expression of its components can be therefore influenced. The ...
متن کاملResearch Paper: Investigating Morphologic Changes and Viability of Rats’ Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Microgravity
Introduction: Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells capable of duplication and auto-recovery and distinction from various cells including chondrocytes, adipocytes, chondroblasts, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts. Human stem cells are always subject to local and external mechanical loads. External loads are caused by physical activity in external environment loading to infliction of st...
متن کاملExpression pattern of neurotrophins and their receptors during neuronal differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in simulated microgravity condition
OBJECTIVES Studies have confirmed that microgravity, as a mechanical factor, influences both differentiation and function of mesenchymal stem cells. Here we investigated the effects of simulated microgravity on neural differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS We have used a fast rotating clinostat (clinorotation) to simulate microgravity condition. Rea...
متن کامل